Postoperative Hypoparathyroidism

Postoperative hypoparathyroidism (POH) is the most common complication after bilateral thyroid surgery and it characterized by low serum calcium levels with inappropriately parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. Several risk factors have been described, including technical issues (inadvertent gland excision or devascularization) patient- disease-related (sex, type of disease). Surgical strategies to minimize POH implemented, careful preservation blood supply. The spectrum severity symptoms depend on hypocalcemia; concern neuromuscular irritability may range from tingling in fingertips circumoral region paresthesias upper lower extremities, bronchospasm, laryngospasm tetany. measurement postoperative PTH following thyroidectomy critical detect promptly manage avoid symptomatic hypocalcemia. In general, a level < 15 pg/mL indicates an increased for POH. Symptomatic hypocalcemia generally well controlled oral vitamin D supplementation intravenous supplementation. Long-term consequences hypoparathyroidism, nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, basal ganglia calcification, ectopic soft tissue cataracts, defects bone metabolism, should be prevented adequate management.